Procedure
OperativeHemorrhoidectomy
The definitive operation for large or prolapsing hemorrhoids — it is the most effective option we have, and we'll be straight with you: the first two to four weeks of recovery are genuinely sore.
- Setting
- Operative
- Anesthesia
- General or spinal anesthesia in the operating room, typically as a same-day procedure
- Back to work
- Most people take 1 to 2 weeks off work, and the area can ache for 2 to 4 weeks
- Pain relief
- A multimodal plan — warm sitz baths, stool softeners, anti-inflammatories, and topical medication — with narcotics kept to a minimum
- Success rate
- 98%
What it is
Am I a candidate?
How it's done
- 1You're asleep or numbed from the waist down — general or spinal anesthesia in the operating room.
- 2The enlarged hemorrhoid cushions are carefully removed through the anus, preserving the sphincter muscle beneath and healthy bridges of tissue between excision sites.
- 3Each wound is either closed with dissolvable stitches (the 'closed' technique) or left open to heal on its own (the 'open' technique) — both are standard and effective.
- 4Home the same day for most people, with the pain plan and stool-softening regimen already started.
What to expect
Same day
Home once you're comfortable. Soreness builds as the anesthetic wears off — take the pain plan seriously from the first dose, not after it hurts.
First week
Honestly, the hardest stretch. Bowel movements will hurt. Warm sitz baths several times a day, stool softeners, fiber, and fluids make a real difference.
1–2 weeks
Most people return to work — desk work sooner than physical work. A little bleeding with bowel movements is normal; heavier bleeding, which occasionally happens later in healing as tissue separates, needs a call to the office.
2–4 weeks
The ache steadily fades and most normal activities are back. Deep healing continues quietly for several more weeks after that.
Long term
The payoff for the tough recovery: of all hemorrhoid treatments, this one is the least likely to need repeating.
Risks & considerations
How well it works
98%
guidelineSuccess
n = 300 · 2020–2025
Long-term cure for advanced hemorrhoids; recurrence <2%.
Sources
- Davis BR, Lee-Kong SA, Migaly J, Feingold DL, Steele SR. The American Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hemorrhoids. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum. 2018;61(3):284–292.
- Hawkins AT, Davis BR, Bhama AR, et al. The American Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hemorrhoids. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum. 2024. doi:10.1097/DCR.0000000000003276.
- Steele SR, Hull TL, Hyman N, et al., eds. The ASCRS Textbook of Colon and Rectal Surgery. 4th ed. Springer; 2022.
- Hemorrhoidectomy: What to Expect at Home. Healthwise patient instructions, via Kaiser Permanente.